MEME AUTHORSHIP
The idea of authorship in the age of download and edit offers many important questions . What does it mean to create ? What is Art? What is a meme? Who owns the work of art ? Who has control over the artwork’s meaning ? A possible answer for many of those questions might be found focusing on theft. It is a common practice for administrators of accounts focused on memes to caption their posts with the phrase stolen meme ,or simply Stolen. There are hundreds of accounts and users posting these memes categorized as stolen. But in the lifecycle of a meme, it is very likely that the most amount of views, likes and other displayers of influence that it ever acquired, the most fame and attentions of a meme will probably succeed in a post made by someone who stole the meme, not in an authorized or personal post by the author. But the benefits of a meme being stolen are far beyond just visibility and attention . There is an immense potential for a meme to grow and evolve when taken out of its creator’s hands. Being seen by a horde of internet users, a meme can be visualized, downloaded, edited, recaptioned and sent forward in an incredible speed, enhancing its chances for randomly mutating into a viral, widely spread meme. Besides not having the most power over the destiny of a meme, the author also has very little autonomy over the meaning related to their creation. Each viewer will interpret the meme in a particular way, some of those viewers with particular and unique ways, will also be tempted to download and edit this meme. The fragility of the concept of author and authorship in a media that frequently violates copyright laws as a way of existing. Images and templates that compose the meme are more often than not, fragments that were sampled and democratized in an unauthorized way. The constant stealing, or anonymous reposting of memes distances them from their creators to a point in which it doesn't matter who the original author was. French theorist Roland Barthes argues that “Once the Author is removed, the claim to decipher a text becomes quite futile. To give a text an Author is to impose a limit on that text, to furnish it with a final signified, to close the writing.”(Barthes, 1977 , p.147). While discussing internet memes, most arguments won’t be limited by any restraints that this idea of an author could offer. This lack of limits in the interpretation could be one explanation to the generally mentioned feelings of emptiness or nonsense provoked by some memes, but it is not to be seen as something negative, unless that is the intention of the viewer in his equally creative act of perceiving and interpreting the meme. One great example of this expanded , collaborative authorship can be found on Tik Tok®, where videos , audios or image filters can be assembled into editable templates. An original video made by one clueless user might become a global trend within minutes, in this dynamic of sampling and appropriating each other’s work, innumerable pieces with the most diverse meanings can be born out of a single composition. The video bellow shows how fast and how far a content can go when posted online. A simple video of a man introducing his girlfriend, can be reproduced multiple times and further edited by different people, creating a completely new narrative, with the potential to infinite meanings, interpretations and re-interpretations:
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The material or digital process of making of a meme, is far disconnected from the idea of authorship in more traditional media, but there is a peculiar figure that relates much closer though this idea of creative, sensitive and intelligent person: the meme thief of curator . Stealing memes on a regular basis with strong criteria and reposting them is a common practice in social media, that might gather quite a large amount of digital followers for those who apply it. By browsing the web and being exposed to it’s absurd amount of information, a meme stealer can orient themselves with a set of specific criteria. Memes and videos with black cats, content surrounding one tv show, candid images of angry mid age women being rude to waiters, gathering a consistent, and ever growing collection of images that match some curatorial limitation , and them posting them for a loyal base of fans, is far more connected to the classic idea of authorship than the actual, untraceable person who happened to create the meme in the first place. The creator, exposes their meme to a legion of collective editors and interpreters, while the meme thief or meme curator, builds a more concrete sense of meaning, backed by the consistency in their criteria selecting such images and other contest. In a medium that stimulates the constant decrease in meaning, content creators work in a certain way like remixers, making images out of deranged thoughts, and fundamentally contributing to the destruction of the traditional definition of meaning. The ones that create meaning, ironically, are the thieves, the curators, the ones that through a wide selection of memes made by the most diverse people, manage to capture and critique deeper issues that concern society as a whole.